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a*
(ClE Starlab): |
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Refers
to the system used to describe
and measure color. a* indicates
redness, a positive value, and
greenness, a negative value. |
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Abrasion
Resistance: |
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The
ability of a paper product to
withstand abrasion. The degree
and rate a sample loses weight
under specific rubbing action by
an abrading surface measures
resistance. |
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Abrasive
Papers: |
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Papers
covered on one or two sides with
abrasive powder. |
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Absorbency: |
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Property
of pulp, paper or board to
retain materials it contacts
such as liquid, gas and solid
substances. |
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Absorbent
Papers: |
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Examples
include duplicator, blotting,
filter papers, drying royal,
matrix paper and toweling. |
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Accepted
Stock: |
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Part
of stock that is not rejected by
cleaning and/or screening. |
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Acrylic: |
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A
water-soluble polymer used in
paints to make them dry to a
tough and flexible consistency. |
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Additive: |
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A
mineral, chemical or dye added
to pulp and coatings to give it
special qualities such as
opacity. |
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Against
the Grain: |
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Folding
or feeding paper at right angles
to the grain direction of the
paper. |
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Aging: |
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The
deterioration of paper
properties over time. Sunlight
and heat accelerate loss of
strength and brightness. |
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Air
Dry: |
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Term
applied to any pulp and paper
sample that has a moisture
content in equilibrium with the
surrounding atmospheric
conditions. Air-dry pulps are
assumed to contain 10% moisture. |
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Album
Paper: |
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Wood
pulp paper with an antique
finish used for photo album
pages. |
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Alum: |
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A
papermaking chemical used for
precipitating rosin size onto
pulp fibers to impart
water-resistant properties to
the paper. It is also called
aluminum sulfate. |
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Antiquarian: |
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The
largest available handmade paper
(53 x 31 inches). |
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Antique: |
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A
printing paper with a rough
finish but good printing
surface. It is valued in book
printing for its high volume
characteristics. |
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Antitarnish
Paper: |
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A
term originally applied to
higher-weight tissues used for
wrapping silverware, but now
used for all papers prepared so
they will not rust or discolor
razor blades, needles,
silverware, etc. |
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Apparent
Density: |
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Weight
(mass) per unit volume of a
sheet of paper obtained by
dividing the basis weight by the
caliper (thickness). |
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Archival
Paper: |
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A
paper that can last normally 100
years. The paper is acid free,
lignin free and has good color
retention. |
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Avg.
Brightness: |
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The
percentage of reflectivity of a
sheet of pulp or paper for blue
light measured under specific
standard conditions. Not
necessarily related to color or
whiteness. |
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Azure: |
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The
light blue color used in the
nomenclature of "laid"
and "wove" papers. |
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